The Bigger Picture
By Mr Practical Jul 30, 2008 9:00 am
Government making mistake of piling up debt, squeezing middle class.
A trader friend opined to me yesterday that he “hears” that there are lots of “shorts” in the credit markets and it could get “squeezed”.
Minyans need to look past this type of talk. As the deflationary process unfolds, we're going to be exposed to all kinds of such talk, innuendo, and mis-information. First of all the credit markets are not really structured like that. There are very few ways to “short” it. There are a few indexes, which may be crowded because of the lack of them, that people can short to hedge their exposure or bet on declines in price, but the relative notional shorts compared to the longs is insignificant.
But this is not really the point. The big picture is this. For the last twenty years the Federal Reserve has used the banking system to expand the credit base of the economy. They kept interest rates low to encourage borrowing. Beginning in 2001 and 2002 the Federal Reserve went into overdrive, driving real interest rates negative and thus encouraging massive speculation in credit. The result is a money supply six times normal relative to GDP but more importantly one bloated with debt with virtually no relative savings to support it.
The system is now broken as evidenced by the TAF facility: the very definition of this is “the financial system has no more capital left and the TAF is the only way the Federal Reserve can get capital back in the system. So the Federal Reserve has taken bad debts in exchange for capital onto their balance sheet. This makes them very nervous. It's not a far fetched thought to believe that the new SEC rules were specifically implemented to drive financial stocks up in order to allow them to raise capital through stock offerings. The capital would make it more probable that these banks are eventually able to take the bad debt back from the Fed. This serves as a warning to those who are tempted to fall for this and buy financial stocks on these secondary stock offerings.
Again, we hear from apologists that banks selling stock will "heal" the system. But again that's not how it works. It only transfers wealth from one part of the system to another because wealth is not being created. There's no production, only transfer. It's a hallmark of deflation that companies sell stock. That is deflationary. People have to use cash to buy stock. So cash goes from investors who have less cash to buy things with, to banks who use it to write down debt. But the point is banks selling stocks to investors reduces liquidity, it does not increase it.
The government’s strategy is to buy time. It always is. Time allows it to slowly drain wealth from the poor/middle class and re-distribute it to the rich who own the financial system. The only important thing to me and what I think Minyanville is all about is to try to help people not be one of them.
As risk grows, lower yours. Stay out of risky assets. Stay out of debt. Don’t be tempted by the trading types. All their little “tells” sound good but they don’t work in a market like this. Don’t bottom fish unless you have excess capital you're willing to lose. There will be opportunity at some point, and you're going to want to have savings when that occurs, but it's far from here and you will know when it happens. You'll be able to find an investment where the returns are adequate to low risk. Today we only have returns subject to very high risk (possible high returns or possible negative returns versus high risk).
Risk is high. Keep yours low. Be patient.
Minyans need to look past this type of talk. As the deflationary process unfolds, we're going to be exposed to all kinds of such talk, innuendo, and mis-information. First of all the credit markets are not really structured like that. There are very few ways to “short” it. There are a few indexes, which may be crowded because of the lack of them, that people can short to hedge their exposure or bet on declines in price, but the relative notional shorts compared to the longs is insignificant.
But this is not really the point. The big picture is this. For the last twenty years the Federal Reserve has used the banking system to expand the credit base of the economy. They kept interest rates low to encourage borrowing. Beginning in 2001 and 2002 the Federal Reserve went into overdrive, driving real interest rates negative and thus encouraging massive speculation in credit. The result is a money supply six times normal relative to GDP but more importantly one bloated with debt with virtually no relative savings to support it.
The system is now broken as evidenced by the TAF facility: the very definition of this is “the financial system has no more capital left and the TAF is the only way the Federal Reserve can get capital back in the system. So the Federal Reserve has taken bad debts in exchange for capital onto their balance sheet. This makes them very nervous. It's not a far fetched thought to believe that the new SEC rules were specifically implemented to drive financial stocks up in order to allow them to raise capital through stock offerings. The capital would make it more probable that these banks are eventually able to take the bad debt back from the Fed. This serves as a warning to those who are tempted to fall for this and buy financial stocks on these secondary stock offerings.
Again, we hear from apologists that banks selling stock will "heal" the system. But again that's not how it works. It only transfers wealth from one part of the system to another because wealth is not being created. There's no production, only transfer. It's a hallmark of deflation that companies sell stock. That is deflationary. People have to use cash to buy stock. So cash goes from investors who have less cash to buy things with, to banks who use it to write down debt. But the point is banks selling stocks to investors reduces liquidity, it does not increase it.
The government’s strategy is to buy time. It always is. Time allows it to slowly drain wealth from the poor/middle class and re-distribute it to the rich who own the financial system. The only important thing to me and what I think Minyanville is all about is to try to help people not be one of them.
As risk grows, lower yours. Stay out of risky assets. Stay out of debt. Don’t be tempted by the trading types. All their little “tells” sound good but they don’t work in a market like this. Don’t bottom fish unless you have excess capital you're willing to lose. There will be opportunity at some point, and you're going to want to have savings when that occurs, but it's far from here and you will know when it happens. You'll be able to find an investment where the returns are adequate to low risk. Today we only have returns subject to very high risk (possible high returns or possible negative returns versus high risk).
Risk is high. Keep yours low. Be patient.
No positions in stocks mentioned.
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Copyright 2009 Minyanville Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
(14)
Reply
2008-07-30 09:10:41
RE: The Bigger Picture
Spot on. Debt elimination and personal liquidity is absolutely critical.
2008-07-30 09:27:49
MV - finally a voice for the little guys!
I was amused that Wells Fargo raised their dividend while reporting earnings that were 3 cents better than the miserable estimates. How often does a company raise their dividend when earnings are declining? Same day as the SEC ruling on naked shorts - coincidental??
2008-07-30 09:40:33
liquidity
Doesn't banks selling stock simply transfer liquidity from investors to banks and therefore no net change? Investors in Merril Lynch were not likely to "spend" those dollars, rather they would have simply transferred ownership to another investment vehicle. I think you could argue this has raised liquidity in the US if you consider that this money came from Singapore and is now in the account of a US company. Perhaps it came from an asset on their books in a Euro account?
2008-07-30 12:26:47
I apologize for my horrid english.
I think what is realy deflationary are the write-offs and the implosive destruction of debt, monetary supply, monetary mass they produce, not the raises of capital necessary to clean them or the money investors spent buying the new stock.
Besides, these losses break the keynesian machine to generate new floods of monetary inflation with which to flood the world.
In Europe we have many credit market ETF for amateur (and crazy) speculators. They are based on varios Itraxx index. They are very easy to use and make accessible to everyone the possibility of losing everything.
I think what is realy deflationary are the write-offs and the implosive destruction of debt, monetary supply, monetary mass they produce, not the raises of capital necessary to clean them or the money investors spent buying the new stock.
Besides, these losses break the keynesian machine to generate new floods of monetary inflation with which to flood the world.
In Europe we have many credit market ETF for amateur (and crazy) speculators. They are based on varios Itraxx index. They are very easy to use and make accessible to everyone the possibility of losing everything.
2008-07-30 12:33:47
Thanks
Wonderful commentary. It makes me stop and focus on the many blessings that I have received. I have a financial plan. I also have a personal plan. Seems like the best investment I can make right now is an investment in me. I'm thinking that by the end of 2009...2010 at the latest, one needs to be in their best mental, physical, and spiritual shape...and debt free. The 2008 Olympics and a new administration in 2009 will tend to hold various "things" back. 2010 seems like a risky time to me...not very scientific. But that is how I feel.
Thanks,
Gary
Thanks,
Gary
2008-07-30 12:36:06
Good times/bad times
No question debt is a problem, and liquidity was overwhelming the last few years.
However, another part of the equation with liquidity is monetary velocity, and I haven't seen that discussed much. While liquidity "shrinks" as debt is written off and disposed of, velocity is likely to pick up, which could offset some of the deflationary aspects of this situation.
The largest portion of any potential deflation is going to be asset-class in nature. How many people within the middle class will really be effected to a large degree? Given that so many are already out large portions of assets, due to foreclosure or capital losses in the stock market, I'd say while many could see an impact, a large portion have already had their bad day.
I consider myself solidly middle class and agree with the broader direction the gov't has taken - I've remained pure middle over the last 10 years. But that isn't the fault of gov't policy. I'm actually making less money due to job changes and one terrible bout with a previous administration's experiment allowing stock options to be used as salary. All told, however, I have NOT suffered and I'm in as good a position now as I was 10 years ago despite a lower income and an aggregate of 12 months on unemployment during those 10 years.
Still, if gov't tax policy was more forgiving toward middle class wage earners, I think I could've moved up a bit.
The real issue, however, is what is going to happen in the coming months? I keep reading bad stories, but my psyche remains intact. I realize there are many options and situations that could arise. But I could withstand a 50% drop in all my asset class values and still not feel "less wealthy". Mainly because I have very little debt.
The question would then become work. If all this presumed loss of asset class value leads to massive unemployment, then I definitely stand a tremendous risk. But, at that stage, it's an endemic problem anyway and very little I could do to make changes except keep searching for a job.
I am opposed to the profligate ways of our government, and realize this is no way to promote wealth creation. But I'm also an optimist, and I feel that there is more than one way to skin a cat - we're an inventive and unusual nation. One way to soak up massive overload of liquidity is the creation of new markets - which is why fiat currencies were created to begin with, to deal with massive growth.
We haven't had a new growth market since the internet. What's the next big economically dislocating invention? Is it alternative energy? I'd like to think so. We desperately need to have more choice in our energy opportunities.
However, another part of the equation with liquidity is monetary velocity, and I haven't seen that discussed much. While liquidity "shrinks" as debt is written off and disposed of, velocity is likely to pick up, which could offset some of the deflationary aspects of this situation.
The largest portion of any potential deflation is going to be asset-class in nature. How many people within the middle class will really be effected to a large degree? Given that so many are already out large portions of assets, due to foreclosure or capital losses in the stock market, I'd say while many could see an impact, a large portion have already had their bad day.
I consider myself solidly middle class and agree with the broader direction the gov't has taken - I've remained pure middle over the last 10 years. But that isn't the fault of gov't policy. I'm actually making less money due to job changes and one terrible bout with a previous administration's experiment allowing stock options to be used as salary. All told, however, I have NOT suffered and I'm in as good a position now as I was 10 years ago despite a lower income and an aggregate of 12 months on unemployment during those 10 years.
Still, if gov't tax policy was more forgiving toward middle class wage earners, I think I could've moved up a bit.
The real issue, however, is what is going to happen in the coming months? I keep reading bad stories, but my psyche remains intact. I realize there are many options and situations that could arise. But I could withstand a 50% drop in all my asset class values and still not feel "less wealthy". Mainly because I have very little debt.
The question would then become work. If all this presumed loss of asset class value leads to massive unemployment, then I definitely stand a tremendous risk. But, at that stage, it's an endemic problem anyway and very little I could do to make changes except keep searching for a job.
I am opposed to the profligate ways of our government, and realize this is no way to promote wealth creation. But I'm also an optimist, and I feel that there is more than one way to skin a cat - we're an inventive and unusual nation. One way to soak up massive overload of liquidity is the creation of new markets - which is why fiat currencies were created to begin with, to deal with massive growth.
We haven't had a new growth market since the internet. What's the next big economically dislocating invention? Is it alternative energy? I'd like to think so. We desperately need to have more choice in our energy opportunities.
2008-07-30 12:59:44
Good times/bad times
Richard, I disagree on velocity of money. It seems to me that the de-leveraging of banks, and the consequent strains on liquidity, will translate to lower monetary velocity. All things being equal.
2008-07-30 14:32:45
speaking of velocity
Here's the latest measures of velocity:
http://research.stlouisfed.org/publications/mt/page12.pdf
As you can see on the bottom, velocity tends to increase along with the spread to 3-Month T-Bills, which would mean a flatter yield curve now. Frankly, velocity isn't going to increase anytime soon because the spread between 3-month T-Bills and the own rates ("weighted averages of the rates received by households and firms
on the assets included in the aggregates" - from the St. Louis Fed) for MZM and M2 isn't going to widen.
http://research.stlouisfed.org/publications/mt/page12.pdf
As you can see on the bottom, velocity tends to increase along with the spread to 3-Month T-Bills, which would mean a flatter yield curve now. Frankly, velocity isn't going to increase anytime soon because the spread between 3-month T-Bills and the own rates ("weighted averages of the rates received by households and firms
on the assets included in the aggregates" - from the St. Louis Fed) for MZM and M2 isn't going to widen.
2008-07-30 14:39:05
Excellent Article. Other $Trillion (with a T) issues.
This is an excellent article on the debt unwind. I argue that this is one of the three large waves hitting or about to hit our economic ship. I would love to debate and discuss the relative size and timing of these waves.
They are:
1. The debt unwind (already hitting the bow)
2. The transition of the economy off of oil (or at least the $700 billion/yr going to foreign governments to pay for oil).
3. The shifting population demographic with peak spenders (age 45-65) beginning to retire.
Recent news on wave #2: Al Gore estimates a 10 year, 1 Trillion dollar effort required to transition off of oil. I think the number is much larger, as we need to change the whole infrastructure of the country to an electricity(nuclear, etc.) and bio fuel based economy. Any estimates on the true cost?
Also the Tesla electric car:
0-60 mph in 3.4 sec
250 equivalent mpg (O.K., I say at least 120)
250 mile range
3.5 hour quick recharge.
$110K but a cheaper $40K model coming
An example of the innovation needed.
On wave #3: Some estimate that the Berries have promised $50 Trillion in explicit and implicit benefits that are supposed to be paid. That's equal to the countries total net worth.
They are:
1. The debt unwind (already hitting the bow)
2. The transition of the economy off of oil (or at least the $700 billion/yr going to foreign governments to pay for oil).
3. The shifting population demographic with peak spenders (age 45-65) beginning to retire.
Recent news on wave #2: Al Gore estimates a 10 year, 1 Trillion dollar effort required to transition off of oil. I think the number is much larger, as we need to change the whole infrastructure of the country to an electricity(nuclear, etc.) and bio fuel based economy. Any estimates on the true cost?
Also the Tesla electric car:
0-60 mph in 3.4 sec
250 equivalent mpg (O.K., I say at least 120)
250 mile range
3.5 hour quick recharge.
$110K but a cheaper $40K model coming
An example of the innovation needed.
On wave #3: Some estimate that the Berries have promised $50 Trillion in explicit and implicit benefits that are supposed to be paid. That's equal to the countries total net worth.
2008-07-30 14:47:42
Not so poor English
"They are very easy to use and make accessible to everyone the possibility of losing everything"- who could say it or sum things up any better than that?
2008-07-30 15:27:42
The velocity of money is correlated with changes in the value of money as an asset. Economic agents tend to retain more time ("go long") assets (money in this case) whose value they think will grow in the future (deflationary environment) and tend to discard quickly ("go short") those assets who believe will go low in value (inflationary environment). Inflation does diminish the value of money as an asset (which makes prices go up) while deflation increases the value of money. People borrow (short gets money) if they think prices will go up but tends to keep their money ("go long in money") and postpone spending if they think that prices will fall. Increase their debt or the speed of their money protects people from inflation while saving or reducing the speed of their money protects people from deflation. I think that if deflation is perceived leads to a reduction in velocity of money.
2008-07-30 20:30:27
Not so poor English
re: "...who could say it or sum things up any better than that?" -
very much agree :-)
and great article all around; my favorite (of many) and crux to me:
"The government's strategy is to buy time. It always is. Time allows it to slowly drain wealth from the poor/middle class and re-distribute it to the rich who own the financial system. The only important thing to me and what I think Minyanville is all about is to try to help people not be one of them." - jorge's comment fits right in
thanks!
very much agree :-)
and great article all around; my favorite (of many) and crux to me:
"The government's strategy is to buy time. It always is. Time allows it to slowly drain wealth from the poor/middle class and re-distribute it to the rich who own the financial system. The only important thing to me and what I think Minyanville is all about is to try to help people not be one of them." - jorge's comment fits right in
thanks!
2009-11-24 20:00:38
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