“Beauty is Truth, truth beauty, - that is all Ye know on earth, and all you need to know.”
-Ode on Grecian Urn, John Keats

“God does not play dice with the universe.”
-Albert Einstein

The mathematical basis for the Elliott wave principle is Fibonacci mathematics. Leonardo Fibonacci was a 13th century Italian mathematician who is credited with the sequence of numbers bearing his name: 1,1, 2, 3, 5, 8,13, 21, 34, 55, 89 and so forth. Beginning with the number 1, each new term is the sum of the previous two.

It is believed that Fibonacci learned of the additive sequence while studying with Arabs in North Africa. He introduced it to the Western world in his famous book Liber Abaci (Book of the Abacus). The more relevant contribution of the book at that time was the introduction of the Arabic numeral system, which is now used throughout the world as the decimal system. It replaced the Roman numeral system that was in use at the time in Europe.

The additional mathematical fact of the Fibonacci sequence is that the ratio of any two numbers in the sequence approximates 1.618, or its inverse, .618 after the first several numbers. The higher the number, the closer to .618 and 1.618 are the ratios between the numbers. The Fibonacci sequence can be visualized geometrically as a mathematical grid growing larger (or smaller) in which each new unit always bears a relationship of .618 or 1.618 to its predecessors.

The number .618, or to be more exact, .618034... is an irrational number that is known as the golden ratio or "Phi." The Greeks held this ratio to be divine. Plato establishes it in his Socratic dialog of creation, Timaeus, as the mathematical basis of all creation.

The Golden Ratio In The World

The divine ratio was central to Greek thought and the works of Pythagoras, Euclid and Eudoxus. It governs geometry’s golden section, golden rectangle and golden spiral. In Greek architecture, its proportions are responsible for the incredible symmetry of proportion found in the Acropolis and the Parthenon. 2,000 years before Greek civilization, the Golden ratio is found to consciously be incorporated in the construction of the Great Pyramid of Cheops(2,560 BC) and other structures of ancient Egypt. (This is also explained in Timaeus.)

In nature, the Fibonacci sequence and ratios are found in vertebrate, tree branches, honeybee populations, the flight path of birds, the swimming path of fish, pinecones, sunflowers, shells, pineapples, hurricanes, whirlpools, ferns, clouds, flower petals, ocean waves, spiraling galaxies, lightning, snails, animal horns, DNA (the double helix), and, as depicted in Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man and On the Divine Proportion, the human body.

Many great thinkers throughout the ages have been obsessed with the golden ratio. Famous scientists were in awe of how it repeated persistently throughout their work. Famous artists, recognizing its aesthetic quality in nature, reproduced it in their work.

Johannes Kepler, the famous astronomer, believed that the golden ratio described virtually all of creation. Isaac Newton, physicist, had the golden spiral engraved on the headboard of his bed. Pythagoras, mathematician, chose the 5-pointed star, in which every segment is the golden ratio to the next smaller segment, as the symbol of his order. Jacob Bernoulli, mathematician and astronomer, directed the golden spiral be etched on his headstone when he died. Leonardo Da Vinci used the golden ratio in much of his art to enhance its aesthetic appeal; the Mona Lisa employs the golden ratio. Mozart consciously used the golden ratio in his sonatas.

The golden ratio is central to arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, proportion, architecture, electronics, and music. (According to H.E. Huntly, author of Divine Proportion, the golden ratio naturally appears in the relationship of the intervals or distance between notes in music.)

Fibonacci numbers and the golden ratio are evidenced and accepted as fact to exist in the progress of the cosmos, botany, physics, geophysics, astronomy and biology.

Therefore, is it too much of a leap to accept that human progress might also have form? And if human progress has form, then isn’t it a logical conclusion that the stock market, which is a representation of man’s progress on this Earth, would embody that form? And wouldn’t that form show up in a chart?

The Golden Ratio in the Markets

R.N. Elliott discovered the golden ratio and Fibonacci sequence of numbers, the same persistent, repeating structure and unity evidenced throughout the universe, in the charts of the stock market.

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